Spread of Antibiotic Resistance

Key antibiotic resistance genes in the Bacilli bacterium strain VT-13-104  genome

Number of genes Function
80  ABC transporter permeases
76 Multidrug ABC transporter
8 MATE transporters
4 MFS – major facilitator superfamily transporter
1 SMR small multidrug resistance
1 Fosmidomycin resistance protein
1 Fosfomycin resistance protein FosB
1 Bacitracin resistance
1 Tellurite resistance protein TelA
1 Acriflavin resistance protein
1 Quinolone resistance protein
1 Beta-lactamases
1 Vancomycin B-type resistance protein VanW
1 Quaternary ammonium compound-resistance protein SugE
1 Metal-dependent hydrolase, beta-lactamase
1 Aminoglycoside phosphotransferase
1 Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
1 Resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali
1 Dihydrofolate reductase
1 Bacitracin resistance BacA

Genomic analysis revealed that Bacilli bacterium strain VT-13-104 harbors numerous antibiotic resistance genes that catalyze uptake, efflux, diffusion, solute exchange, and other mechanisms of bacterial defense against antibiotics.